The maritime industry is undergoing a significant transformation in 2025 with the introduction of multiple regulatory amendments aimed at enhancing sustainability, safety, and operational efficiency. These new rules reflect a global shift toward environmentally responsible shipping, impacting emissions control, fuel efficiency, ship recycling, and digitalization.
As the industry moves towards stricter compliance, it is crucial for stakeholders—including shipowners, operators, and regulators—to stay informed and prepared. Below is a detailed overview of some of the key maritime regulations coming into effect this year.
Key Maritime Regulations Effective January 2025
IMSBC Code Amendments (MSC.539(107))
The International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code amendments become mandatory from January 1, 2025. These updates include:
- Declaration Form Changes: Shippers must now provide bulk density information.
- DRI (D) Cargo Classification: Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) is now categorized into Groups A, B, and MHB, recognizing its risks such as liquefaction, self-heating, and gas emissions.
- Expert Supervision: To ensure safety, a qualified cargo technician is recommended for handling DRI cargoes.
STCW Electronic Certificates (MSC.1/Circ.1665)
The adoption of electronic certificates for seafarers is another step towards digitalization. Electronic documents will be securely stored, accessible through unique tracking numbers and QR codes, and verified during Port State Control inspections. This transition aims to streamline administrative processes while maintaining security and transparency.
MARPOL Special Areas for Annex I & V (MEPC.381(80) & MEPC.382(80))
New restrictions on discharging oil, oily mixtures, and garbage in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Special Areas take effect. These regulations reinforce efforts to protect marine ecosystems by reducing marine pollution.
Strengthening Environmental Compliance
EEDI Phase 3 (MEPC.324(75))
From January 1, 2025, all new vessels over 400 gross tons must comply with the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) Phase 3. This initiative seeks to improve ship efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through technological advancements and optimized ship designs.
FuelEU Maritime Regulation
The FuelEU Maritime Regulation, effective January 1, 2025, complements the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) by imposing lifecycle emission reductions on shipping fuels. It:
- Applies to vessels over 5,000 GT operating in the EU/EEA.
- Mandates zero-emission operations at berth for certain vessel categories.
- Introduces flexible compliance mechanisms, including a voluntary pooling system for fleet operators.
With EU ETS covering 70% of shipping emissions from 2025, companies must integrate robust emissions tracking systems to ensure compliance.
New Safety and Ship Recycling Standards
Mediterranean Sea SOx Emission Control Area (MEPC.361(79))
From May 1, 2025, the Mediterranean Sea will officially be designated as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulfur oxides (SOx). Vessels operating in the region must use low-sulfur fuel (≤0.10% sulfur content) or install approved exhaust gas cleaning systems to comply.
Hong Kong International Convention on Ship Recycling
Set to enter force on June 25, 2025, this convention mandates all ships over 500 GT to maintain an Inventory of Hazardous Materials (IHM). This framework enhances transparency in ship recycling practices and ensures compliance with both the Hong Kong and Basel Conventions.
Regional Regulations: USA and Finland
California At-Berth Regulation (ABR)
From January 1, 2025, tankers at Los Angeles and Long Beach ports, as well as Ro-Ro vessels at all California ports, must implement emission reduction strategies to control NOx, PM 2.5, and reactive organic gases (ROG).
Finland’s Wastewater Discharge Ban
From July 1, 2025, Finland will prohibit the discharge of all wastewater from ships, including greywater and blackwater, into the Baltic Sea. This initiative aims to improve marine water quality by reducing pollution from shipping operations.
Digital Transformation in Compliance
Ballast Water Record Books (MEPC.369(80))
From February 1, 2025, ships must standardize record-keeping and reporting under the Ballast Water Management Convention. The amendments:
- Require updated reporting forms.
- Include specific logging guidelines for complex water conditions.
- Permit the use of electronic Ballast Water Record Books (eBWRBs) for streamlined documentation.
MARPOL Annex VI Revisions (MEPC.385(81))
Revisions clarify gas fuel definitions, onboard sampling requirements, and updates to Bunker Delivery Notes (BDNs). Additionally, fuel consumption data-sharing will be facilitated with research entities to enhance industry transparency.
Industry Adaptation and Future Outlook
The 2025 regulatory landscape reflects a continued tightening of environmental, safety, and digital compliance measures. As maritime businesses navigate these changes, the integration of sustainability-focused strategies, digital solutions, and emissions-tracking technologies will be essential.
These evolving regulations underscore the importance of proactive compliance planning, investment in low-carbon technologies, and digital transformation. Industry players who adapt swiftly and strategically will be well-positioned for a sustainable and competitive future in global shipping.